Study, draw and describe the slides

N° 2—3 — brown induration of the lungs (stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Prussian blue reaction). Name the organ, determine where hemosiderin is accumulated. What is its colour in Prussian blue reaction? What changes are found in alveoli walls? What is the possible colour of sputum? What is the outcome of this pathology?

N° 67 — liver in posthepatic jaundice (stained with hematoxylin and eosin). Describe the condition of the bile ducts,

capillaries, hepatocytes in posthepatic jaundice, the outcome. When does mechanical jaundice develop most frequently?

Study electronogram

Brown induration of the lungs, x 16 000.

Find siderophag which is the cell of heart defect.

Test

1. Name, which haemoglobin pigments are produced in normal and pathological states: a)..., b)..., c)..., d)..., e)..., f)....

2. Definition of ferritiemia. How does ferritin influence the vascular wall?

3. The skin and sclera of the patient with stomach haemorrhage became yellowish after blood transfusion. Which pigment coloured the skin and sclera? What complication of the blood transfusion can you suggest? What type of jaundice has developed?

4. The patient died from decompensation rheumatic valvular defect. Dissection has revealed enlarged lungs of brown colour and thick texture. What is your diagnosis? What can you find in sputum of the patient before the death? What method can be used to reveal iron-containing pigments?

5. What diseases develop when nucleoproteud metabolism is disturbed?

Answers: 1. a) bilirubin, b) haemomelanin, c) hemosiderin, d) hematoidin, e) ferritin, f) porphyrin. 2. Increased quantity of ferritin in the blood, vascular collapse and hypotensive effects. 3. Bilirubin, incompatible blood transfusion, prehepatic jaundice. 4. Brown induration of the lungs, siderophags are cells of valvular defect, Prussian blue reaction. 5. a) gout, b) urolithiasis, c) urate infarction of newborn kidneys.

Questions to control the knowledge

1. What is hemosiderosis? Name its types.

2. Mechanisms of hemosiderin formation.

3. Name types of jaundice depending on the way of its development.

4. Which pathology is caused by bile stasis?

5. Where is hemomelanin accumulated and in what disease? What colour are the organs?

6. In what diseases does porphyria develop?

7. Mechanisms of melanin formation.

8. Give the examples of general and acquired melanosis.

9. What conditions and diseases cause increased amount of lipofuscin?

10. Name end products of nucleic acid decomposition.

Terminology

Hemosiderin, hemosiderosis, ferritin, ferritinemia, bilirubin, bilirubinemia, hematoidin, hematin, porphyrin, sideroblast, brown induration of lungs; hemolytic, obstructive and parenchymatous jaundice, hemomelanin, melanin, melanosis, large intestine melanosis, nevus, melanoma, leukoderma, vitiligo, lipofuscin, gout, urolithiasis, uric acid infarct of the newborn.