Preservation of peace on the earth. Universal problems of the present. Preservation of peace on the earth

World peace is an ideal of freedom, peace, and happiness among and within all nations and/or people. World peace is an idea of planetary non-violence by which nations willingly cooperate, either voluntarily or by virtue of a system of governance that prevents warfare. The term is sometimes used to refer to a cessation of all hostility amongst all humanity. For example, World Peace could be crossing boundaries via human rights, technology, education, engineering, medicine, diplomats and/or an end to all forms of fighting. Since 1945, the United Nations and the 5 permanent members of its Security Council (the US, Russia, China, France, and the UK) have worked to resolve conflicts without war or declarations of war. However, nations have entered numerous military conflicts since that time.

Problems and situations that affect the human life and activity, contain a threat to the present and future. These problems can not be solved by one country, they require jointly developed action.

Environmental problems

Greenhouse effect

As a result of the greenhouse effect global warming is happening, which turns droughts. Burn huge areas of forests and fires released CO2 enhances the greenhouse effect.

Contained in the atmosphere of carbon (CO2) plays a big role in the life of humans, plants and animals, protecting the earth from overheating and radiative cooling. But human activities - burning huge mass consumption - violated the CO2 balance in nature that poses a threat to the greenhouse effect - a significant warming, melting ice caps, rising sea levels.

Atmospheric pollution by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides generated a phenomenon such as acid rain. They destroyed almost half of the forest vegetation in Europe.

The problem of fresh water

Many countries face serious water resource problems that are not only in quantitative water scarcity, but also in short supply of clean fresh water. Annually in reservoirs misses a huge amount of raw sewage. Among the most polluted rivers and lakes in the world of the Danube, Rhine, Seine, Mississippi, Volga, Dnieper, Ladoga lake, Balkhash, etc.

Table. Countries of the world, clean water-deficit (where less than 50% of the population has access to clean drinking water).

Food problem

The meaning of the global food problem is outstripping population growth compared to the growth in food production. As a result, the world is experiencing an increase in the number of malnourished and starving (annually from hunger, malnutrition and related illnesses die 40 million people). Growing human pressure on agricultural landscapes, deteriorating quality of food, the role of genetic engineering in solving the food problem.

On the Earth, there are belt of hunger, it stretches along the equator. As of tropical Africa is the epicenter of this belt. Countries with a high refractive starving Chad - 50%, Mozambique - 47%, Somalia - 45%, Uganda - 40%, Ethiopia - 39%.