Look through the text and find the English equivalents to the following words and word combinations.

обратить внимание, говоря в общем, рассматриваемый, более или менее, фактически, по меньшей мере, несмотря на, ни…ни…, то есть, как …, так и…, составлять, еще в…, вышеупомянутый, пока что, на самом деле, благодаря, то есть, казаться, приходить в соприкосновение.

4. (a) Translate the following sentences using either the gerund or the participle; (b) define their functions:

I. Расщепляя атомы, человек может получить большое количество энергии. 2. Существуют различные виды элек­тростанций, причем паровые, находят широкое применение в нашей стране. 3. Помещая металлический предмет в поле магнита, мы намагничиваем его. 4. Работая в области элек­тричества, ученые внесли большой вклад в науку. 5. Мы знаем о том, что Галилей создал первый телескоп в мире. 6. Когда вода падает, то энергия превращается из потен­циальной в кинетическую. 7. Я слышал о том, что в вашем городе строится атомная станция.

5. Fill in the blanks with the following words and expressions:

in the form of, because, because of, to be interested in, to put into operation, as for, to be named after, in question, to turn one's attention

1. The discovery ... was made by a well-known Russian scientist. 2. Moscow University ... Lomonosov. 3. Franklin ... making experiments with atmospheric electricity. 4. ... the electric current, it is used both in industry and in our homes. 5. The first atomic power plant in the world ... in our country in June 1954. 6. Professor Rihman was killed by a stroke of lightning ... he did not think of possible danger. 7. Atom finds a wide application ... its ability of producing heat and power. 8. The scientists of the Our country ... the use of nuclear power for peaceful purposes.

6. Define the meaning of the following words:

lightning, lightning conductor, magnetism, refrigerator, generator, motor, turbine

7. Give short answers to the following questions:

1. Is magnetism and electricity one and the same thing? 2. Do magnets possess the property of attracting iron? 3. Do you know who discovered magnetism? 4. Was the phenomenon of electricity known to people in the past? 5. Did Gilbert work in the field of electricity? 6. Do you carry out experi­ments on lightning? 7. Is lightning a strong spark of elec­tricity? 8. Can atomic power be used for the good of man­kind? 9. Do you know the history of electricity? 10. Was Phales a German philosopher?

8. For the names of the countries given in Column I find the names of the nations given in Column II:

1. 11.

1. the USA 1. the Dutch

2. the UK 2. the Greeks

3. France 3. the Russians

4. Germany 4. the British

5. Greece 5. the Frenchmen

6. the Nehterlands 6. the Germans

7. Russia 7. the Americans

9. Translate the following sentences and define the non-finite forms of the verb:

1. The students went on studying properties of that new substance. 2. There are different ways of producing the elec­tric current. 3. We heard of that experiment having been made last week. 4. We know of his starting some laboratory experiments. 5. Working at his new device, the inventor carried out an important research work. 6. An iron bar placed in the field of a magnet becomes magnetized. 7. A long time ago people noticed the attracting ability of the magnet. 8. The pole of the magnet pointing to the North is called the north pole of the magnet, the south pole pointing to the South. 9. The magnet having the north pole and the south pole, we can use it in the compass.

10. Speak on:

1. Three electrical phenomena' in the early history of electricity.

2. I use electricity every day.